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Hop Oils and Late Hop Essences

Preparation:	Oil - fractionated from whole LCO2 extract and purified by vacuum distillation Essences - fractionated from whole oil by column chromatography
Major Role:	Enhancement of hop aroma and flavor in beer
Method of Use:	Oil - addition to the kettle or added to the final beer as in dry hopping Essences - addition to beer at any post-fermentation stage

COMPOSITION Oils - pure varietal oils or a blended oil Essences - 1% solution of hop oil fraction in 80% ethanol Late Hop Essence Spicy - terpene and sequiterpene oxides and alcohols Late Hop Essence Floral - the ketone fraction

ADVANTAGES OILS - easy to handle and store - standardized and consistent - available in variety specific or generic forms ESSENCES - easy to handle store and use - standardized and consistent - available in generic and now variety specific forms BOTH - provide means for precisely adjusting and controlling the flavor of beer - produced totally by physical means with no chemical processing - free of residues and foreign matter   DISADVANTAGES OILS - require emulsifying or shaking with alcohol-based solvent prior to use ESSENCES - costly shipping of flammable materials in small quantities BOTH - minimum quantity and notice required for variety specific product